What evidence exists regarding the effects of photovoltaic panels on biodiversity? A critical systematic map protocol

Abstract Background Climate change and the current phase-out of fossil fuel-fired power generation are currently expanding market renewable energy more especially photovoltaic (PV) panels. Contrary to other types energies, such as wind hydroelectricity, evidence on effects PV panels biodiversity has been building up only fairly recently. have linked substantial impacts species ecosystems, first most obvious one being degradation natural habitats but they may also lead mortality individuals displacements populations. Hence, we propose a systematic map aiming draw comprehensive panorama available knowledge solar thermal (PVST) installations, whatever their scales (i.e. cells, panels, arrays, utility-scale facilities), terrestrial semi-aquatic natural/semi-natural ecosystems. This work aims at providing decision-makers with better understanding PVST installations and, therefore, help them further protect while mitigating anthropogenic climate change. Methods We will follow collaboration for environmental guidelines search relevant peer-reviewed grey literature in English or French. The string combine population (all wild species—e.g. animals, plants, fungi, microorganisms—as well ecosystems) exposure/intervention technologies all therefore excluding concentrated power) terms. A pre-built test list articles be used assess comprehensiveness string. Extracted citations screened title full-text stages thanks pre-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Accepted then split into studies observations, from which metadata (e.g. taxon, exposure/intervention, outcome) extracted internal validity assessed through critical appraisal. database accessible alongside report landscape eligible studies. By describing studied populations, exposures/interventions, outcomes study results, identify potential clusters gaps regarding